The categories of e motto make it possible for the administration to provide the people with technology services that are quick and straightforward. These services are typically broken down into categories of: government-to-government, government-to-business, government-to-citizen and government-to-employee services. This is how its e governance works makes work fine and is a time saver. This article explains these types in detail. It has simple words for the Indian students. It also provides real-world examples, clear-cut ideas and helpful facts.
Types of E Governance
India uses e governance to enable the citizens capture the services in no time. It eliminates queues, paperwork and delays. There is a different job for each type. These types work together to make India’s digital mission strong.
Government to Citizen (G2C)
The first type is Government to Citizen (G2C) and the most common. It assists the government in engaging with the public. Services are delivered directly to citizens. Such as online electricity bill payment, ration card applications, and birth certificates It saves time and helps for a better living.
To identify such G2C services visit the Digital India portal. Citizens can apply for jobs, obtain land records, and check exam results. One more G2C model is the Passport Seva service. You can schedule appointments and also check passport status without having to go to an office time and again.
These G2C services are available at Common Service Centres (CSCs) in rural areas. They are providing services of internet and computer systems in few villages. To help such people who do not understand mobile apps, they can visit these centres and will be assisted by qualified staff.
How it helps
- Saves time
- Cuts corruption
- Gives services in rural areas
- Easy and fast in government work
In India, the Government to Citizen (G2C) model is significant in facilitating the relationship between people and the government. Earlier people had to visit the offices multiple times. Now they can simply use either their phone or their computer.
Government to Business (G2B)
This form of helps government coziness with shops, trades, factory and companies. G2B portals are used by the government to share rules, collect taxes and issue business licenses.
I`ll give you an example: Best G2B example is GST portal. Businesses file taxes online. Tax offices are no longer a must for them. In addition, companies can file various important papers with the Ministry of Corporate Affairs through the MCA21 portal.
Other G2B Services in Indi
- Import-export licenses
- Company registration
- E-tendering portals
- Filing business returns
These services provide a seamless and quick procedure for companies. They also put an end to bribery and manual delays.
G2B Model Benefits
- Provides a transparent business atmosphere
- Helps startups grow fast
- Cuts paperwork
- Builds trust in government
So for India, G2B services are making business easier and faster. More people now want to start businesses as the system is straightforward and transparent.
Government to Government (Gov2Gov)
This model is also for various government departments. It enables one department communicate with another. They exchange files, reports, and data — no paper. It enables government offices to function as one,” he said.
For instance, the e-office project links central and state offices. Police departments also have access to the Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and System (CCTNS), which is a project designed to facilitate data sharing between police departments in India. This enables the criminals to be caught quickly.
Benefits of G2G
- Faster file transfer
- Better planning
- Less error
- No missing records
In India, G2G in the form of smart cities, improved policing and shared health data. All departments of public service work as one department.
Government to Employee (G2E)
G2E connects government to its people. Online portal access ~ Employees receive their Salary, Leave Approvals, Pension Details, Job notices and so on.
For instance, the pension details of ex-army personnel are given through the SPARSH portal. Employees can also check the credits on the PFMS portal. These portals allow employees to learn about their rights and obtain assistance immediately.
Why G2E matters
- Makes employees happy
- Speeds up internal work
- Builds a strong team
- Tracks employee records
All business organisations that use G2E services help India save time and also make its workers more active and skilled.
E Governance with Examples
As we have learned about the four kinds of e governance in India, let us look as specifically as possible at each one with more examples and applications. Here we will be showing you the usage of these services in real daily life.
Use of G2C in Indian Life
When a farmer in Bihar checks weather reports from a mobile app or a student in Kerala downloads their scholarship form, they are availing of G2C services. India have taken many schemes online so that people get help on time.
More G2C Portals
- UMANG App – One App many Services
- DigiLocker – Store your documents and keep them secure
- Local Level Online Services – e-District
These platforms help minimize stress and confusion. No longer do people rely on middlemen or lengthy waits.
How does G2B Contribute to Business Growth?
For example, a small shopkeeper in DelhiNumber can register his business using Udyam portal. Using G2B portals, a tech startup in Bengaluru can file patents and import goods. All this happens in minutes.
Why It Works?
- Clear rules
- Online help and chat
- System to track the applications
- India is evolving into a favourable place for new businesses. These are services that help young minds convert ideas into companies.
G2G Makes Governance Smooth
This model is for different government departments. It helps one department talk to another. They share files, reports, and data without paper. It makes government offices work as one team.
Example: The e-office project connects central and state offices. The police departments also use Crime and Criminal Tracking Network System (CCTNS) to share crime data across India. This helps in catching criminals faster.
Benefits of G2G
- Faster file transfer
- Better planning
- Less error
- No missing records
India uses G2G systems to make smart cities, better policing, and health data sharing. All departments work together for better public service.
G2E Makes Jobs Simple
G2E at Work: When a teacher checks their leave balance or police officer download their monthly duty chart. The government uses these tools to make its staff happy and informed.
Examples
- HRMS for Indian Railways
- Delhi Govt Employees are required to use PayCom
There are lakhs government staff in India. G2E makes the system operate under lower pressure and to be more ordered.
E governance Systems
So now let us see how all e governance types in e governance systems help in nation building. Each section has an important function. They creates a digital India.
G2C Builds Trust
To Win People Trust Serve Them Good. With G2C, even an impoverished farmer in a village can achieve help without additional cost or delay. It brings equity in the society.
Useful G2C Schemes:
| Scheme Name | Service Offered | Where to Use |
| PM-KISAN | Money help for farmers | pmkisan.gov.in |
| eHospital | Book hospital visits | ehospital.nic.in |
| Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana | Home help for poor | pmaymis.gov.in |
These schemes change lives. More people are figuring out how to use phones and apps to access what they need.
G2B Brings Growth
Good business creates jobs and wealth. G2B makes sure the rules are followed. It also is beneficial in controlling black money. When business is good, the whole nation benefits.
Strong G2B Platforms
- Government e Marketplace (GeM) for purchase of government goods
- SEZ online system
- IPR e-filing
It also facilitates the functioning of foreign businesses in India. A solid system instills trust.
G2G Builds Smart Teams
And departments need to communicate with one another. So when they work in isolation, they don’t have data. G2G makes teams. It learns and solves problems faster.
Helpful Platforms
- National Informatics Centre
- Panchayat records: eGramSwaraj
- It makes India more intelligent, and more efficiently run. This also arms the country for success in the digital domain.
G2E Boosts Morale
Government Employees Need Good Tools They serve people better when they can do their job with ease. G2E) for a healthy work system.
G2E Support Sites
- e-SamikSha for performance
- Attendance. gov.in for real-time tracking
- An empowered staff is also a better one. We can use the G2E type in the e-government system.
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Relevance to ACCA Syllabus
A good knowledge of types of e-governance is helpful to understand the impact of digital tools in corporate governance, stakeholder communication, transparency and compliance. ACCA students have to understand how government–business relations are changing in the digital age and what the implications are for audit trails, ethics and decision-making.
Types of e-Governance ACCA Questions
Q1: What is a major type of e-governance that refers to the relationship between government and businesses?
A) G2C (Government to Citizen)
2) G2B (Government to Business)
C) G2E (Government to Employee)
(D) G2G (Government to Government)
Ans: B) G2B (Government to Business)
Q2: What are the main goals of G2C e-governance?
A) Export and import regulations improvement
B) Improving corporate tax collection
C) Providing digital services to citizens for public services
D) Oversight of internal government operations
Ans: C) Delivery of public services to citizens electronically
Q3: Which e-governance is best example for inter departmental communication in large public sector organization?
A) G2C
B) G2E
C) G2B
D) G2G
Ans: D) G2G
Q4: In the context of ACCAs, which of the following benefits of e-governance promotes good governance practices?
A) Limited transparency
B) Reduced citizen feedback
C) Increased accountability
D) Reduced public access
Ans: C) Greater accountability
Q5: What type of e-governance interaction that allow businesses to file tax returns, file license application and fulfill regulations online?
A) G2E
B) G2G
C) G2C
D) G2B
Ans: D) G2B
Relevance to US CMA Syllabus
Topics on technology, governance, and risk management are all covered in the US CMA syllabus. Digital transformation, internal control systems and compliance strategies in management accounting are directly associated with E-governance. CMAs should be aware of ways digital governance systems enhance organizations overall efficiency and ethics globally in public and private spheres.
Types of e-Governance CMA Questions
Q1: What type of e-governance has the greatest effect on procurement/tendering processes of PPPs?
A) G2B
B) G2E
C) G2C
D) G2G
Ans: A) G2B
Q2: The key feature of G2E e-governance in a public organization?
A) External citizen services
B) Payroll and HR services for employees
C) Facilitating compliance and fair trade
D) Better handling of citizens grievances
Ans: B) Looking after employees payroll and HR services
Q3: How does e-governance systems relevant to budgeting process for CMAs?
A) To monitor trade tariffs
B) In order to access real-time performance dashboards
C) Only for minimizing the cost of data storage
D) To cover mere tax compliance
Ans: B) For accessing the real-time performance dashboard
Q4: In public financial management, which tool in e-governance supports performance reporting and KPI dashboards in the best possible manner?
A) G2E
B) BI (business intelligence) platforms
C) G2C
D) Manual ledger systems
Ans: B. Business Intelligence (BI) platforms
Q5: What does G2G interaction mean, and how does this concept benefit CMAs?
A) Delays in data sharing
B) Manual coordination
C) Speedier interdepartmental communication
D) More informal performance evaluations
Ans: C) Enhanced inter-departmental communication
Relevance to US CPA Syllabus
E-governance is a part of the American CPA syllabus in IT systems, risk assurance, audit, and compliance. E-governance is important for CPAs as it aids their assessment of internal controls, digital audit trails, and stakeholder transparency across tech-based platforms.
Types of e governance CMA Questions
Q1: A certified public accountant (CPA) is conducting an audit of a government agency that uses G2E portals. What is the first control objective to examine?
A) Citizen satisfaction
B) Tax policy changes
C) Employee record management
D) Bids for government procurement
Ans: C) Employee record management
Q2: Why is public finance audit trail creation important through G2C e-governance?
A) It allows to keep a tab on internal hires
B) It monitors citizen complaints and electronic transfers
C) It keeps track of supplier’s inventory
D) it lowers regulatory compliance
Ans: B) It monitor public complaints and digital transactions
Q-3. Which variety of e-governance improves digital correspondence between agencies and audit træin?
A) G2C
B) G2B
C) G2E
D) G2G
Ans: D) G2G
Q4: Which of the following e-governance platform should a CPA visit in order to check for company license applications and compliance reports?
A) G2E
B) G2G
C) G2B
D) G2C
Ans: C) G2B
Q5: What benefit of e-governance is most related to audit transparency in CPA practices?
A) Limited automation
B) Real-time data access
C) Manual spreadsheets
D) Infrequent reporting
Ans: B) Real-time data access
Relevance to CFA Syllabus
CFA Curriculum device ethics governance, economic systems and technology impacts on financial systems. Knowledge of e-governance types enables CFAs to evaluate governments on their effectiveness, policy execution and investor engagement, particularly in the realm of environment, social and governance (ESG) reporting and public financial management.
Types of e-Governance CFA Questions
Q1: What are the implications of G2B interactions for a CFA professional?
A. To study investment in public service campaigns
B) To assess government practices over business compliance
C) To predict the future population growth
D) To deal with personal income taxes
Ans: B) For assessing adherence of business firms to government policies
Q2: Which form of e-governance is in support of e-filing systems having an impact on public financial disclosures?
A) G2C
B) G2E
C) G2B
D) G2G
Ans: C) G2B
Q3: Which e-governance type assists CFA professionals in evaluating the efficiency of digital infrastructure in developing countries?
A) G2E
B) G2C
C) G2B
D) G2G
Ans: B) G2C
Q4: What system is needed to alert CFAs to analyze digital public finance initiatives across departments?
A) G2G
B) G2E
C) G2C
D) G2B
Ans: A) G2G
Q5: Which type of e-governance ensures transparency with public feedback channels in ESG analysis?
A) G2B
B) G2C
C) G2E
D) G2G
Ans: B) G2C
