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UGC NET Economics Study Material and Notes: Checkout Unit-Wise Notes with Preparation Tips

The UGC NET Examination in Economics is the principal and highly competitive examination for all those candidates who want to make a career in teaching and research in Economics. These notes are to present an outline of the basic concepts, theories, and frameworks that are really vital for one to understand the economic principles and prepare effectively for the same exam. It touches on subjects like microeconomics, macroeconomics, econometrics, and developmental economics. This will be an excellent platform for the students to have a big picture of the topics and issues raised in this course, hence helping them to further develop their analytical skills. These notes help emphasize more vital areas of the syllabus and ensure further understanding of the subject matter that is helpful in getting prepared for the examination. To study more topics for the UGC-NET examination, download the Testbook App now.

In this article, the readers will be able to know about the following:

  • Unit-Wise UGC NET Economics Notes
  • Preparation Tips for UGC NET Economics Notes
  • UGC NET Economics Notes: Syllabus to Follow
  • Study Materials to Follow Along with UGC NET Economics Notes

Download UGC NET Paper 1 Important Questions PDF

UGC NET Economics Notes: Syllabus to Follow

There are a total of 10 units which have been discussed in detail topic-wise what to expect and what not to expect which has been discussed below.

Unit 1- Micro Economics UGC NET Economics Notes

Microeconomics is a fundamental branch of economics that focuses on the behavior of individuals and firms in making decisions regarding resource allocation and pricing. For UGC NET aspirants in Economics, understanding microeconomic principles is essential for analyzing market dynamics and consumer behavior. These notes provide a comprehensive overview of key concepts, theories, and frameworks in microeconomics, including demand and supply analysis, elasticity, production and costs, market structures, and welfare economics. By studying these notes, candidates can build a solid foundation in microeconomic theory, which is crucial for success in the UGC NET examination and for further academic pursuits in commerce and economics. Game theory in economics helps in studying how people and companies make decisions when they are interacting with others, considering the possible outcomes of their choices.

Topic

Theory of Consumer Behaviour

Theory of Production and Costs

General Equilibrium Analysis

Factor Pricing

Decision making under uncertainty Attitude towards Risk

Asymmetric Information: Adverse Selection and Moral Hazard

Efficiency Criteria: Pareto-Optimality, Kaldor –Hicks and Wealth Maximization

Market Structures, competitive and non-competitive equilibria and their efficiency properties

Game Theory–Non-Cooperative games

Welfare Economics: Fundamental Theorems, Social Welfare Function

Unit 2- Macro Economics UGC NET Economics Notes

Macroeconomics is a very vital branch of economics that deals with the study of the overall working and performance of an economy as a whole. This portrays that a strong command over the concepts of macroeconomics is not only crucial for national income but also for inflation and unemployment, economic growth, and fiscal and monetary policies in the case of UGC NET Economics aspirants. These notes on key macroeconomic theories, models, and indicators present a broad outline of the issues, which will equip candidates with the points to analyze trends in the economy and policies. Through the study of these notes, aspirants will be in a position to develop a strong base in macroeconomic theory—the most essential input for faring well in the UGC NET examination and for advanced studies in commerce and economics.

Unit 3- Statistics and Econometrics UGC NET Economics Notes

Statistics and econometrics, therefore, are the two intrinsic constituents that makeup economics, providing tools to students for analyzing data and testing economic theories. It is in this backdrop that candidates slated to appear in the UGC NET examination in Economics must not only understand these disciplines but also grasp them as a means to undertake any empirical research or make any informed economic decisions. These notes provide beginning-level material on the major concepts, methodologies, and statistical techniques applied within economic analysis, including hypothesis testing, regression analysis, and time series analysis. Through these notes, the applicants will get the actual exposure of applying statistical methods in economics, which will help them to be well prepared to succeed in the UGC NET examination and further their academic pursuits in the field.

Topic

Probability Theory: Concepts of probability, Distributions, Moments, Central Limit Theorem

Descriptive Statistics– Measures of Central tendency & dispersions, Correlation, Index Numbers

Sampling Methods & Sampling Distribution

Statistical Inferences, Hypothesis testing

Linear Regression Models and their properties – BLUE

Simultaneous Equation Models – recursive and non-recursive

Identification Problem

Discrete choice models

Time Series Analysis

Unit 4- Mathematical Economics UGC NET Economics Notes

Mathematical economics is one of the mainstream areas of economics, combining mathematical approaches for the portrayal of economic theories and scrutiny of economic relationships. In the case of the UGC NET aspirant in Economics, mathematical economics becomes very important in learning and understanding difficult economic models and optimization of decision making. These notes provide an exact outline of some of the important mathematical concepts, which include functions, techniques of optimization, and equilibrium analysis. These notes will help aspirants develop analytical skills to tackle quantitative problems in economics and thus equip one with the requisite competence to ace the UGC NET exam and be successful in future academic pursuits within the subject.

Topic

Linear Algebra –Matrices, Vector Spaces

Input-Output Model, Linear Programming

Sets, functions and continuity, sequence, series

Differential Calculus and its Applications

Static Optimization Problems and their applications

Difference and Differential equations with applications

Unit 5- International Economics UGC NET Economics Notes

International economics is one of the most significant fields of study that encompasses the analysis of the interaction of economies of different countries through its two broad branches: trade and investment, and global economic policies. For aspirants of UGC NET Economics, knowledge in the sphere of international economics is going to be very critical for the analysis of foreign markets and an assessment of the impact of international trade upon domestic economies. These notes encompass detailed information on concepts such as comparative advantage, trade theories, balance of payments, and the mechanisms of the exchange rate. Having gone through these notes, the candidate shall be empowered with all insights necessary to handle complex socio-cultural issues at international levels and thus achieve success in the UGC NET and other higher academia undertakings.

Topic

International Trade: Basic concepts and analytical tools

Theories of International Trade

Balance of Payments: Composition, Equilibrium and Disequilibrium and Adjustment Mechanisms

International Trade under imperfect competition

Exchange Rate: Concepts and Theories

Foreign Exchange Market and Arbitrage

Tariff and Non-Tariff barriers to trade; Dumping

Gains from Trade, Terms of Trade, Trade Multiplier

GATT, WTO and Regional Trade Blocks; Trade Policy Issues

IMF & World Bank

Unit 6- Public Economics UGC NET Economics Notes

Public Economics is one of the related fields that aims at scrutinizing the role of government in economies concerning resource allocation, taxation, and public expenditure. In this respect, knowledge of public economics is necessary for aspirants of UGC NET in Economics in order to analyze how the different government policies will relate to economic efficiency and equity. These notes present an overview on the subject ingredients about public goods, externalities, fiscal policy, and welfare economics. These notes will help the candidate build up a sound knowledge of public economics and develop analytical skills leading to success in the UGC NET examination and further studies in the subject.

Topic

Market Failure And Remedial Measures: Asymmetric Information, Public Goods, Externality

Public Revenue: Tax & Non-Tax Revenue, Direct & Indirect Taxes, Progressive and non-Progressive Taxation, Incidence and Effects of Taxation

Regulation of Market – Collusion and Consumers’ Welfare

Public Budget and Budget Multiplier

Fiscal Policy and its implications

Public expenditure

Public Debt and its management

Unit 7- Money and Banking UGC NET Economics Notes

Money and banking are the basic wheels of the economic system, helping in transactions and promoting stability in the economy. So, for UGC NET aspirants in Economics, it will be very essential to have a clear tight grasp on the concepts of money, functions of money, and the banking system in evaluating monetary policies and their effect on the economy. It covers almost all important concepts related to the nature of money, banks and their roles, instruments of monetary policy, and the working of the financial system. From these notes, candidates will greatly benefit in enhancing their knowledge about the dynamics of money and banking, and it will also help them to be adequately prepared for a UGC NET exam, among other academic pursuits in the subject area.

Topic

Central Bank

Commercial Banking

Components of Money Supply

Instruments and Working of Monetary Policy

Capital Market and its Regulation

Non-banking Financial Institutions

Unit 8- Growth and Development Economics UGC NET Economics Notes

Growth and development economics is a vital area that explores the factors contributing to economic progress and the improvement of living standards in a society. For UGC NET aspirants in Economics, understanding the distinctions between economic growth and development is essential for analyzing policies aimed at fostering sustainable economic advancement. These notes provide a comprehensive overview of key concepts, including economic growth theories, indicators of development, poverty alleviation strategies, and the role of institutions. By studying these notes, candidates will equip themselves with the analytical tools necessary to evaluate development policies and frameworks, preparing them for success in the UGC NET examination and future academic pursuits in the field. Essential topics such as Harrod Domar Model has been covered here.

Topic

Economic Growth and Economic Development

Theories of Economic Development: Adam Smith, Ricardo, Marx, Schumpeter, Rostow, Balanced & Unbalanced growth, Big Push approach

Models of Economic Growth: Harrod-Domar, Solow, Robinson, Kaldor

Technical progress–disembodied & embodied; endogenous growth

Indicators of Economic Development: PQLI, HDI, SDGs

Poverty and Inequalities – Concepts and Measurement

Social Sector Development: Health, Education, Gender

Unit 9- Environmental Economics and Demography UGC NET Economics Notes

Environmental economics will be one area of the most significant importance since it will establish the linkage of economic activities in the conservation of the environment while bringing the effects of demography in economic development. Understanding the same in the context of UGC NET aspirants in Economics will hold tremendous policy analysis for the promotion of sustainable growth and the handling of ecological challenges. These lecture notes capture key aspects about market failures, externalities, sustainable resource management, population growth, and demographic transitions. The candidate, on studying these lecture notes, will be well-armed with insights on how to handle some of the emergent environmental problems and the consequences that relate to demographic change so as to hold ground in UGC NET examinations and academic studies for the future.

Unit 10- Indian Economy UGC NET Economics Notes

The Indian economy consists of diverse and complex systems that take pride of place within the global economic landscape. Understanding its intricacies will be important for any aspirant of UGC NET in the subject of Economics while analyzing its growth trajectory, structural challenges, and policy frameworks. These notes give a brief overview of the concepts underpinning economic reforms, patterns of growth, poverty alleviation strategies, and the role of agriculture and industry. These notes would help the candidates developed parity with and gain insight into the dynamics of the Indian economy, all the way through to success in the UGC NET examination and further studies in the subject.

Topic

Economic Growth in India: Pattern and Structure

Agriculture: Pattern & Structure of Growth, Major Challenges, Policy Responses

Services: Pattern & Structure of Growth, Major Challenges, Policy Responses

Industry: Pattern & Structure of Growth, Major Challenges, Policy Responses

Urban Development –Issues, Challenges and Policy Responses

Rural Development –Issues, Challenges & Policy Responses

Infrastructure Development: Physical and Social; Public-Private Partnerships

Foreign Trade: Structure and Direction, BOP, Flow of Foreign Capital, Trade Policies

Centre-State Financial Relations and Finance Commissions of India; FRBM

Reforms in Land, Labour and Capital Markets

Poverty, Inequality & Unemployment

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Preparation Tips for UGC NET Economics Notes

The UGC NET Economics Examination checks the understanding of theories, policies, and concepts related to economics, which includes both micro and macroeconomics along with its sub-sections: econometrics, the Indian economy, and international economics. Preparing with a structured plan, sharp reading of important topics, and regular practice is the key to doing well in the examination.

Understand Syllabus and Exam Pattern

Start by thoroughly going through the UGC NET economics syllabus and exam pattern. Paper 1 deals with general teaching and research aptitude, while Paper 2 is on economics, which involves topics such as microeconomics, macroeconomics, international trade, and econometrics. It is always good to note the weightage of every topic and accordingly be able to study to cover all the areas.

Consult Standard Economics Textbooks

As a prerequisite to solid construction, draw from popular textbooks and other reference materials that detail essential economic theories. Key books include Microeconomics by Pindyck and Rubinfeld, Macroeconomics by Mankiw, and Indian Economy by Ramesh Singh. These resources detail the theory as well as practical application, which is essential in trying to absorb such complex ideas presented to a student in the exam.

Emphasize Key Economic Theories and Models

Economic theory and models can be summarized as the main body of economic analysis. Important topics include supply and demand theories, Keynesian economics, and the Solow growth model. You will need to understand these theories well to solve conceptual questions. Do not forget key equations and diagrams since they are often tested in the analytical problem format.

Practice Previous Year Papers and Mock Tests

Previous years' papers should also be solved to familiarize oneself with the format of the exam and what types of questions can be expected regularly. Mock tests are responsible for improving one's time management skills, as well as weak areas to be covered before the actual exam. Thus, mistakes made in these exams will eventually help you refine your approach, which is bound to deliver higher accuracy in an actual exam.

Keep Up to Date with Current Economic Trends and Policies

The field of economics is dynamic, changing with national and global conditions, so it is essential to be up-to-date on current economic issues. Follow developments regarding fiscal policies, trade agreements, inflation trends, and economic reforms both in India and internationally. Current economic events would improve your preparation by relating theoretical knowledge to practical, real-world scenarios, which is often tested in the exam.

UGC NET Economics Notes: Syllabus to Follow

It is advisable for the candidates to refer to the UGC NET Economics before picking any study material for preparation. Below listed is the UGC NET Economics Syllabus for candidates to refer. 

Unit

Topic

Unit - I

Micro Economics

Unit - II

Macro Economics

Unit - III

Statistics and Econometrics

Unit - IV

Mathematical Economics

Unit - V

International Economics 

Unit - VI

Public Economics

Unit - VII

Money and Banking

Unit - VIII

Growth and Development Economics

Unit - IX

Environmental Economics and Demography

Unit - X

Indian Economy 

Study Materials to Follow Along with UGC NET Economics Notes

The most important topics about micro economics, macro economics, statistics, etc. are found in UGC NET Economics. Very useful for help in preparation is the study material wherein it refers to comprehensive notes with practice questions and their appropriate explanation on various topics under the syllabus.

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