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UPSC Exam: RSTV - India's World: Turmoil In the Neighbourhood | Testbook.com

Television programs from Rajya Sabha such as 'The Big Picture', 'In Depth', and 'India’s World' are great sources of information for UPSC preparation . Today, we will discuss the 'India’s World' episode that highlights the issues in Maldives and Bangladesh, India’s neighbouring countries, which are significant for IAS examination.

Importance of Rajya Sabha TV Programs for UPSC

Background

The conversation revolves around two of India’s neighbours – Maldives and Bangladesh – both undergoing political unrest due to significant court judgements related to the political opposition in their respective countries –

  • In Maldives, the Supreme Court has demanded the release of political rivals who are imprisoned by the current regime, creating tension between President Yameen Gayoom and the judiciary, leading to a national emergency.
  • In Bangladesh, the opposition leader and ex-Prime Minister Begum Khaleeda Zia has been found guilty on corruption charges by a court, causing rising tensions in its politics. India, as a regional leader and well-wisher, is closely observing the developments and considering options to help resolve the crisis in both countries.

India’s response to the ongoing crisis in Maldives has been careful, measured, and responsible. The situations in Maldives and Bangladesh are significantly different. The sentencing against Khaleeda Zia in Bangladesh doesn’t appear to be politically motivated. However, the opposition led by BNP has questioned the sentencing and cast doubts over the government’s intentions. This issue can be very sensitive in Bangladesh as it is due for new elections.

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Maldives – A Pivotal Situation

Maldives is a different case; it is located a bit far in a different maritime zone while Bangladesh shares a long border with India. The internal dynamics of Maldives has been highly volatile since 2012 and India is uncertain about the actions that the Maldivian government might take. Therefore, India needs to adjust its response according to the situation and should avoid immediate military intervention.

The political turmoil in Maldives since 2012-13 and the resulting instability has significantly affected India’s interests in the Indian Ocean region. With Maldives being our maritime neighbour, ensuring its political stability is crucial to India’s foreign policy and strategic objectives. This period of instability in Maldives has coincided with the growing influence of China, which is accused of land grabbing in the name of infrastructure development by various Maldivian sections.

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Bangladesh – Navigating Through Internal Challenges

The events in Bangladesh also pose an intriguing challenge to India. The Sheikh Hasina government is getting ready for the upcoming elections in December 2018 and is riding on a wave of consistent growth of around 6.5% and a current account surplus. So, the political unrest triggered by the arrest of opposition leader Khalida Zia may not significantly impact the elections due to the favourable economic performance by the Sheihk Hasina government. However, the closeness of Khalida Zia’s party – the BNP, to Pakistan and radical outfits is a concern for India.

For India, its interests are best served when the Awami League is in power. Sheikh Hasina’s government was instrumental in cracking down on the north-east insurgent groups and has addressed most of India’s security concerns. India in turn has recently sealed the historic Land Boundary Agreement which has resolved the enclave issue and hopefully, if the long-awaited Teesta water sharing agreement is signed, it will further strengthen the ties.

Final Thoughts

India is certainly seen as a regional player in the South Asian region and both countries represent a strategic interest for India. In Maldives, India should be observing the developments closely but without creating a big fuss about growing ties between Maldives and China. India should provide a counterbalance as a better alternative to China in the economic and security domain and refrain from a high handed approach towards smaller countries in South Asia and in the Indian Ocean Region.

Also see:

India’s World: Maldives-China FTA: Implications
India – Bangladesh relations
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