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Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi: Life, Works, and Contribution to Indian Politics

Also Read Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi: Life, Works, and Contribution to Indian Politics in Hindi

Kanhaiyalal Maneklal Munshi, fondly known by his pen name Ghanshyam Vyas, was born on December 30, 1887 and passed away on February 8, 1971. He was an influential figure who left his mark in various fields - be it as a politician, writer, or educator. Munshi was initially a lawyer, but his interests and talents led him to explore and excel in other domains. He was an active participant in the Indian independence struggle and made significant contributions in the field of education by establishing Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan in 1938. His literary works are still celebrated and widely read, not just in his native language Gujarati, but also in English and Hindi.

Munshi initially served in the Indian National Congress during the pre-independence era, and later became a prominent member of the Swatantra Party. He held various prestigious positions like being the governor of Uttar Pradesh, a member of the Indian Constituent Assembly, and the minister of agriculture and food. He was also one of the founding members of the Vishva Hindu Parishad.

Life and Contributions of K. M. Munshi

Munshi was born in the town of Bharuch, Gujarat State of British India. He received his education from Baroda College and later pursued law in Mumbai. He was greatly influenced by Sri Aurobindo, one of his professors at Baroda College. Other notable figures like Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III of Baroda, Mahatma Gandhi, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, and Bhulabhai Desai also left a lasting impact on Munshi's life and ideologies.

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Munshi's Journey in Politics

Pre-Independence Era

  • Munshi started his political journey by getting involved in the Indian Home Rule movement after moving to Mumbai. He also had a brief stint with a revolutionary group influenced by Sri Aurobindo.
  • He was elected to the Bombay Legislative Assembly in 1927, but resigned at the behest of Mahatma Gandhi following the Bardoli Satyagraha.
  • His participation in the civil disobedience movement led to his arrest, first for six months in 1930 and then for two years in 1932.
  • In 1937, Munshi was re-elected in the Bombay Presidency election and was appointed Home Minister. He played a crucial role in controlling the communal riots in Bombay.
  • Munshi had a brief fallout with the Congress over the idea of nonviolence. However, he later rejoined the party in 1946 at the invitation of Mahatma Gandhi.

Post-Independence Era

  • After India gained independence, Munshi served on several committees of the Indian Constituent Assembly. He played a significant role in the drafting of the Indian Constitution and the selection of the country's flag.
  • As the Union Minister of Food and Agriculture in 1950, he initiated the Van Mahotsav, a tree-planting festival held every July across the nation.
  • Munshi served as the governor of Uttar Pradesh from 1952 to 1957.
  • In 1959, Munshi left the Congress Party and founded the Swatantra Party with Chakravarti Rajagopalachari. The party was a right-wing political organization that advocated for commerce, the free market, and private property rights.
  • He also played a significant role in the formation of the Hindu nationalist group Vishva Hindu Parishad in 1964.

Munshi's Contributions to Education and Literature

Munshi founded the Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan in 1938 with the aim of providing institutional support for his beliefs. He also established Mumbadevi Sanskrit Mahavidyalaya to provide traditional instruction in Sanskrit and ancient Hindu scriptures. As a writer, Munshi penned numerous works in Gujarati, English, and Hindi, earning him a revered position in the literary world. His works spanned across various genres and themes, ranging from historical subjects to the activities of Krishna during the Mahabharata period.

Works of K. M. Munshi

Munshi's literary works are celebrated for their depth and insight. His novels like Patan-ni-Prabhuta (The Glory of Patan), Gujarat-no-Nath (The Lord and Master of Gujarat), and Rajadhiraj (The King of Kings) are some of the best-known historical books in Gujarati. His other writings include Tapasvini (The Lure of Power), Jay Somnath (on the temple of Somnath), Krishnavatara (on Lord Krishna), and Bhagavan Parasurama (on Parshurama).

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