UN Debate: Maritime Security: RSTV - Big Picture | Testbook

Rajya Sabha TV's discussions are known for their depth and relevance to the UPSC examination. Today, we delve into the RSTV Big Picture debate on the UN's discussion on maritime security—an essential topic for the UPSC syllabus's international relations section .

About the UN Debate on Maritime Security:

Moderator:

Vishal Dahiya

Panelists:

1. Abhijit Singh, Head, Maritime Policy Initiative, ORF
2. Dr. Sreeram Chaulia, Foreign Affairs Expert

Background:

India, currently a non-permanent member of the UNSC, chaired the UNSC for August 2021. In a historic moment, an Indian Prime Minister chaired a UNSC high-level debate on 'Enhancing Maritime Security – A Case for International Cooperation'.

Importance of the Prime Minister Leading the Debate

• This chairing position underscores the strategic role and economic significance of maritime routes, as well as potential threats from various actors.
• The debate also highlighted India's commitment to free and open trade routes and its leadership role in the Indo-Pacific region.
• The Prime Minister emphasized the need for a more inclusive maritime domain that benefits all of humanity, showing a focus on development and humanitarian aspects.

Aspects of Maritime Security:

• Maritime security involves addressing threats from traditional and non-traditional sources. The need for sustainable and inclusive use of the blue economy was also highlighted.
• Traditional threats include state actors exerting their influence in the region and engaging in debt-trap diplomacy.
• Non-traditional threats:
  • Natural Disasters: Tsunamis, cyclones, floods
  • Environmental pollution: Oil spills, plastic waste, disposal of waste
  • Economic challenges: Poverty, inequality, unemployment
  • Transnational Crime and Terrorism: Sea piracy, drug trafficking, illegal fishing

India's Role in Ensuring Maritime Security:

• India has been expanding its naval capabilities and engaging in bilateral and multilateral naval exercises.
• The country has been working on the Indo-Pacific geopolitical construct with like-minded countries and has been a first responder in providing humanitarian assistance during disasters.
• India's efforts in peaceful sea border dispute resolution and infrastructural development have also been notable.

Debate Outcomes

Five Principles of Maritime Security

1. Peaceful resolution of maritime disputes based on international law.
2. Free and open maritime trade to establish legitimate maritime security.
3. Collective global action to tackle natural disasters and maritime threats from non-state actors.
4. Conservation and protection of the maritime environment and resources.
5. Responsible and accountable maritime connectivity which ensures financial sustainability.

The Way Forward:

• India should advocate for universally accepted maritime governance that is inclusive and environmentally friendly.
• The country should collaborate with other nations to develop infrastructure projects in developing countries to counter the influence of hegemonic projects.
• India should also invest in developing its naval capabilities to match the strength of other powers in the region.

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