Continuity, momentum, energy equations Navier Stokes equation, Euler’s equation of motion Bernoulli’s equation. Applications to fluid flow problems e.g. pipe flow, sluice gates, weirs,etc.

Laminar Flow: Laminar and turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate, laminar sub-layer, smooth and rough boundaries, submerged flow, drag and lift forces. Turbulent flow through pipes: Characteristics of turbulent flow, velocity distribution and variation of pipe friction factor, Hydraulic grade line and total energy line.

equations, rapidly varied flow, hydraulic jump. Surges. Hydraulic Machines and Hydropower: Hydraulic turbines and their classification, choice of turbines, performance parameters, controls, Characteristics, specific speed, Principles of hydropower development.

Flow through porous media: Effective stress and pore water Pressure, permeability concept, field and laboratory determination of permeability, Seepage pressure, quick sand condition.

Compaction of soil: Laboratory and field tests. Compressibility and consolidation theory, consolidation settlement analysis. Shear strength determination Mohr coulomb theory.Stress distribution in soils Boussinesq and Westergaard’s analysis, Earth pressure theory and analysis for retaining walls, application for sheet piles and Braced excavation. Bearing capacity of soil:Approaches for analysis, field tests, settlement analysis, stability of slopes.

Foundation: Type and selection criteria for foundation of structures, Design criteria for foundation, Analysis of distribution of stress for footings and pile, pile group action, pile load tests.

Subsurface exploration of soils, Ground improvement and soil stabilization techniques

Use and selection of materials for various uses e.g. Low cost housing, mass housing, High rise buildings.

Building Constructions: Masonry Constructions using Brick, stone construction detailing and strength characteristics. Paints, varnishes, plastics, water proofing and damp proofing materials, Detailing of walls, floors, roofs staircases doors and windows. Plastering, pointing , flooring , roofing and construction features. Common repairs in buildings.

Principle of planning of buildings for residents and specific use, Building code provisions and use.

Basic principles of detailed and Approximate estimating, specifications, rate analysis, principles of valuation of real property. Machinery for earthwork, concreting and their specific uses, Factors affecting selection of construction equipment, operating cost of equipment. Construction activity, schedules, organizations, Quality assurance principles. Basic principle of network, CPM and PERT uses in construction monitoring, Cost optimization and resource allocation. Basic principles of Economic analysis and methods. Project Profitability: Basic principles of financial planning, simple toll fixation criterions

Diversion head work: Principles and design of weirs on permeable and impermeable foundation, Khosla’s theory. Storage works: Types of dams, design, principle of gravity and earth dams, stability analysis. Spillways: Spillway types, energy dissipation.

River training: Objectives of river training, methods of river training and bank protection

Sewage Characterisation: BOD,COD, solids, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen and TOC. Standards of disposal in normal water  course and on land.

Sewage Treatment: Working principle, units, chambers, sedimentation tank, trickling filters, oxidation ponds, activated sludge process, septic tank, disposal of sludge, recycling of wastewater.

Solid waste management: Collection and disposal in rural and urban contexts, management of solid waste.

Environmental pollution: Sustainable development, Radioactive wastes and disposal. Environmental impact assessment  for thermal power plants, mines, river valley projects. Air and water pollution control acts.