The world of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been revolutionized with the introduction of ChatGPT, an AI chatbot developed by OpenAI. Since its public launch on November 30, 2022, ChatGPT has garnered over a million users worldwide. This innovation marks a significant milestone in the field of IAS Exam science and technology.

ChatGPT and GPT-4: A Comprehensive Overview and its Implication for UPSC Exam
Exploring ChatGPT
- ChatGPT is a revolutionary AI chat tool developed by OpenAI that leverages state-of-the-art advancements in natural language processing and machine learning to generate insightful and engaging responses to user queries.
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This chatbot is built on the robust GPT 3.5 series of language learning models (LLM). Its dialog-based format allows it to answer follow-up queries, admit errors, challenge incorrect assumptions, and deny inappropriate requests.
- GPT, or Generative Pre-trained Transformer, is a computer language model that utilizes deep learning techniques to generate human-like text based on inputs.
- ChatGPT shares its lineage with InstructGPT, another model designed to follow prompts and provide detailed responses.
- The AI chatbot is trained using a machine learning technique known as Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF).
- ChatGPT is currently accessible via OpenAI’s website.
Chatbot Vs Search Engine: A Comparison
The key differentiation between search engines and chatbots lies in their memory capabilities. While search engines offer short-term memory, chatbots can provide long-term memory and execute tasks.
- Chatbots hold an edge over search engines as they can offer personalized and accurate results based on historical interactions. On the other hand, search engines can only provide a basic level of personalized results based on previous searches.
Potential Limitations of ChatGPT
Despite its advantages, ChatGPT does have certain limitations:
- It may occasionally generate incorrect information.
- It may sometimes produce harmful instructions or biased content.
- It has limited knowledge of world events post-2021.

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The Advent of GPT-4
OpenAI has recently introduced an upgraded version of the technology underlying ChatGPT, known as GPT-4. This latest iteration is designed to generate text that closely mimics human speech, marking a significant improvement over the existing ChatGPT, which is based on GPT-3.5 technology.
- GPT-4 is a more advanced and powerful AI model that succeeds the technology behind ChatGPT.
- GPT, or Generative Pre-trained Transformer, uses artificial neural networks to generate human-like text.
Notable Features of GPT-4
- GPT-4 is reportedly superior to its predecessor in three key areas: creativity, visual comprehension, and context handling. It can collaborate with users on creative projects like music, screenplays, and technical writing, and even adapt to a user's writing style.
- GPT-4 has an enhanced capacity to handle longer contexts and incorporate visual input. It can also process up to 25,000 words of text from users and interact with text from web links, facilitating the creation of long-form content and enabling 'extended conversations'.
- GPT-4 can interact based on image input.
- GPT-4 has undergone extensive testing and is capable of generating responses that are 40% more accurate than its predecessor. Plus, it has an 82% lower likelihood of creating content that is deemed inappropriate or offensive.
Limitations of GPT-4
- Similar to its predecessors, GPT-4 is not as proficient as humans in many real-world situations, leading to inaccurate responses known as "hallucinations."
- GPT-4 lacks knowledge of events occurring after September 2021, as most of its data was cut off at that point. It does not learn from experience.

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