Categories of Indian Military Exercises
Indian military exercises can be divided into three main categories:
- Domestic Exercise
- Bilateral Exercise
- Multilateral Exercise
Domestic exercise – The aim of these exercises is to enhance internal operations, which can be either inter-services or intra-services, depending on their nature and application.
Here are some examples of domestic military exercises:
- Gandiv Vijay (Army)
- Paschim Lehar (Navy)
- Vayu Shakti (Air Force)
- Vijay Prahar (Army)
Bilateral exercise – These exercises are conducted between two countries.
The following table provides a list of important Indian bilateral military exercises.
Exercise Name |
Participant Nations |
Sampriti |
India & Bangladesh |
Mitra Shakti |
India & Sri Lanka |
SLINEX |
India & Sri Lanka |
Maitree Exercise |
India & Thailand |
Siam Bharat |
India & Thailand |
Vajra Prahar |
India & US |
Yudh Abhyas |
India & US |
Cope India |
India & US |
Nomadic Elephant |
India & Mongolia |
Garuda Shakti |
India & Indonesia |
IND-INDO CORPAT |
India & Indonesia |
Samudra Shakti |
India & Indonesia |
Shakti Exercise |
India & France |
Varuna Exercise |
India & France |
Garuda Exercise |
India & France |
Dharma Guardian |
India & Japan |
JIMEX |
India & Japan |
Surya Kiran |
India & Nepal |
Hand in Hand Exercise |
India & China |
SIMBEX |
India & Singapore |
AUSINDEX |
India & Australia |
Indo-Thai CORPAT |
India & Thailand |
AUSTRA HIND |
India & Australia |
IN-BN CORPAT |
India & Bangladesh |
Table Top |
India & Bangladesh |
Prabal Dostyk |
India & Kazakhstan |
Khanjar |
India & Kyrgyzstan |
Ekuverin |
India & The Maldives |
IMBEX |
India & Myanmar |
IMCOR |
India & Myanmar |
Al Nagah |
India & Oman |
Naseem Al Bahr |
India & Oman |
Eastern Bridge |
India & Oman |
Exercise Indra |
India & Russia |
Ajeya Warrior |
India & UK |
Konkan |
India & UK |
Indradhanush |
India & UK |
Eastern Bridge |
India & Oman |
Lamitiye |
India & Seychelles |
VINBAX |
India & Vietnam |
Multilateral exercise – These exercises involve the military forces of more than one partner nation.
Below is a list of major multilateral exercises conducted by the military:
Multilateral exercise |
No of Participating countries |
RIMPAC |
26 |
MALABAR |
4 |
COBRA-GOLD |
Asia – Pacific countries |
Samvedna |
South Asian Region Nations |
Key Military Exercises in 2023
The table below details the latest editions of all the important military exercises of India with other nations. These details are crucial for CSE exam aspirants.
Exercise name |
Country participated with India |
Latest Date/Year/Edition |
Held at |
Al Nagah-III |
Oman |
- 13th August 2012
- 4th Edition
|
Mahajan Field Firing Range, Bikaner |
Bold Kurukshetra |
Singapore |
- 6 – 13 March 2023
- 13th Edition
|
Jodhpur Military Station |
Ekuverin |
Maldives |
- 11 – 24 June 2023
- 12th Edition
|
Chaubatia, Uttarakhand |
Garuda Shakti |
Indonesia |
- November 2022
- 8th Edition
|
Karawang, Indonesia |
Hand in Hand |
China |
- 7th December 2019
- 8th Edition
|
Umroi, Meghalaya |
Indra |
Russia |
|
Volgograd, Russia |
Khanjar |
Kyrgyzstan |
|
Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan |
Lamitye |
Seychelles |
|
Seychelles |
Maitree |
Thailand |
- 16th September 2019
- 14th Edition
|
Umroi, Meghalaya |
Mitra Shakti |
Sri Lanka |
|
Ampara, Sri Lanka |
Multi-national FTX/Exercise Force Eighteen |
18 ASEAN Plus countries |
|
Pune, India |
Nomadic Elephant |
Mongolia |
|
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia |
KAZIND (Prabal Dostyk) |
Kazakhstan |
- December 2022
- 6th Edition
|
Umroi, Meghalaya |
Sampriti |
Bangladesh |
|
Jashore Military Station, Bangladesh |
Surya Kiran XIV |
Nepal |
- December 2022
- 16th Edition
|
Saljhandi, Nepal |
Yudh Abhyas |
United States |
- October 2022
- 18th Edition
|
Auli, Uttarakhand |
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Interesting Facts About the Indian Army for UPSC
The table below provides some interesting and important facts about the Indian Army for UPSC Exam preparation:
Indian Army |
The Indian Army has approximately 1.4 million personnel. |
The Indian Army is the largest standing volunteer army in the world, with 1,129,900 active personnel and 960,000 reserves. |
India has several recruiting zones for the Indian Army. |
The Indian Army's headquarters is located in New Delhi. Its first headquarters was at the Red Fort in Delhi, but it has since moved to portions of South Block and the adjacent modern architectural marvel, Sena Bhavan. |
In India, the command headquarters is known as the Field Army. A General Officer Commanding-in-Chief in the rank of a three-star Lieutenant General presides over it. |
The head of the Indian Army's staff is known as the Chief of Army Staff (COAS). The current Army Chief is General Manoj Pande. His predecessor was General Mukund Naravane. |
The Indian Army also has a Vice Chief and two Deputy Chiefs of Army Staff. |
In the Indian Army, the corps are the field force. They are of two types – Holding Corps and Strike Corps. |
The topic of India Army Exercises is primarily covered under bilateral relations of India, and also under the security section of the IAS Syllabus for GS 2 and GS 3. Therefore, aspirants should remember the names of these exercises when writing any answer involving either of these sections.
Also, refer to the previous years' IAS Topper list and get inspired by their success stories.