BPSC Geography Syllabus and Exam Pattern 2023: Download Free PDF Now!

Part- A. Physical Geography:

• Geomorphology – Origin and evolution of the earth’s crust: earth movements and plate tectonics; volcanism; cycle of erosion.- Davis and Penck; fluvial, glacial, arid and karst land-forms; rejuvenated and polycyclic landforms.
• Climatology: – The atmosphere, its structure and composition; air masses and fronts; cyclones and related phenomena; climatic classification; koppen and Thornthwait; groundwater and hydrological cycle.
• Soils and vegetation- Soil genesis, classification and distribution: ecological aspects of savanna and monsoon forest biomes.
• Oceanography: – Ocean bottom relief. Relief of Indian Ocean floor. Salinity. currents and tides; ocean deposits and coral reefs;
• Ecosystem. – Ecosystem concept, Man’s impact on the ecosystem, global ecological imbalances.

Part B. Human and Economic Geography.

• Development of Geographical Thought: – Contributions of European and British Geographers, determinism and possibilism; Dualism in Geography, quantitative and behavioural revolutions in geography.
• Human Geography- Emergence of man and races of mankind, cultural evolution of man; major cultural realms of the world; international migrations, past and present; world population-distribution and growth; demographic transition and world population.
• Settlements Geography: – Concepts of rural and urban settlements, Organs of Urbançation; Rural settlement patterns; city classifications; urban spheres of influence and the rural urban fringe, the internal structure of cities; problems of urban growth in the world.
• Political Geography:- Concepts of nation and state; frontiers, boundaries, and buffer zones; concept of heartland and rimland; federalism.
• Economic Geography.- World economic development-measurement and problems; concept of resources, world resources, their distribution and global problems; world energy crisis; and limits to growth; world agriculture-typology and world agricultural regions; theory of agricultural location, world industry-theory of location of industries; world industrial patterns and problems; world trade and world trade patterns.

• Physical Aspects: – Geological history, Physiography and drainage systems; origin and mechanism of the Indian monsoon, soils and vegetation.
• Human Aspects – Tribal areas and their problems; population distribution, density and growth; population problems and policies.
• Resources – Conservation and utilçation of land mineral water biotic and marine resources; ecological problems and their management.
• Agriculture – Irrigation intensity of cropping, crop combinations, green revolution, agricultural land use policy,
• Rural economy-Animal husbandry, social forestry and household industry.
• Industry: – History of industrial development; factors of location study of mineral based, agro-based and forest based industries, industrial complexes and industrial regionalization.
• Transport and Trade – Study of the network of roadways railways, waterways, intra and inter-regional trade and the role of rural market centres.
• Settlements- Rural Settlement patterns; urban development in India and its problems; internal structure of Indian cities; town planning, slums and urban housing; national urbanisation policy. Regional Development and planning. Five-years plan; multi level planning; state, district and block level planning regional disparities in development in India.
• Political Aspects.- Political problem of India, state reorgançation; the international boundary of India and related issues; India and geopolitics of the Indian Ocean area.
• Geography of Bihar under the following heads: – Physiographic divisions, soils, forests, climate, pattern of agriculture, problems of drought-prone and flood affected regions and their solution, chief mineral resources-iron ore, copper, bauxite mica and coal; principal industries-iron and steel, aluminium, cement, Sugar: principal industrial regions, problems of population in Bihar, problem of tribal population and their solution; pattern of urbanisation in Bihar.