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Intelligence Agencies of Different Countries - Important for IAS Exam

Intelligence agencies play a crucial role in maintaining the security and stability of a nation. They provide vital, accurate, and timely information to policymakers and political authorities, which forms the basis of major decision-making processes. These agencies specialize in various domains of security, including foreign threats, domestic security, military affairs, criminal activity, and financial crimes.

In the context of the IAS Exam , let's explore the key Intelligence Agencies of Different Countries.

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A Glance at Intelligence Agencies Around the Globe

Below is a brief overview of some of the most important intelligence agencies worldwide:

A Snapshot of Prominent Intelligence Agencies Worldwide
Intelligence Agency Country
R&AW (Research and Analysis Wing) India
CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) United States of America
Mossad Israel
ISI (Inter-Services Intelligence) Pakistan
MI6 (Secret Intelligence Service) United Kingdom
GRU (Main Intelligence Agency) Russia
MSS (Ministry of State Security) China

A Deep Dive into R&AW (Research and Analysis Wing), India

  • R&AW came into existence on 21 September 1968.
  • The agency is headquartered in the capital city, New Delhi.
  • It was formed in the aftermath of the Sino-Indian War's intelligence failures, leading the Indian government to establish a dedicated, independent agency for foreign intelligence gathering.
  • Before R&AW, the Intelligence Bureau (IB) was the sole body responsible for both internal and external intelligence.
  • The Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) directly controls the agency.
  • The primary objective of the agency was to conduct intelligence gathering in West & East Pakistan and in China.
  • It also aimed to curtail the supply of weapons from western countries to Pakistan.

For more insights on India's Central Intelligence and Investigative Agencies , visit the linked article.

Here are some more related resources for further reading:

National Security Guard – Security & Intelligence Cabinet Committee on Security
Nuclear Security Summit (NSS) NATGRID | National Intelligence Grid
National Investigation Agency National Security Doctrine

An Overview of CIA (Central Intelligence Agency), USA

  • The CIA was established by the National Security Act of 1947. It operates as an independent agency under the National Security Council.
  • Mission –  The agency's primary goal is to gather and evaluate intelligence related to national security and facilitate its appropriate dissemination within the government.
  • The CIA's headquarters are located in Virginia, United States.

Insights into Mossad, Israel

  • The Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations, known as Mossad, is based in Tel Aviv, Israel.
  • Mossad was established on December 13, 1949.
To boost your preparation for the upcoming exam, check the following links:

Additional Resources:

A Look at ISI (Inter-Services Intelligence), Pakistan

  • ISI was established in 1948 and is headquartered in Islamabad, Pakistan.
  • The Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) of Pakistan has made a significant impact on a range of issues, including regional politics, international relations, guerilla warfare, and sub-conventional mechanisms, such as instigating uprisings and armed rebellions.
  • The ISI also plays a role in countering terrorism within and outside Pakistan.
  • Controlled and led by the Pakistan Army, the ISI has a significant influence on most matters concerning the country, whether domestic or international.

A Glimpse at MI6 (Secret Intelligence Service), United Kingdom

  • The Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6, was established in 1909 as the Foreign Section of the Secret Service Bur
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