Tanjore Paintings - Understanding Art & Culture for UPSC IAS

Tanjore Paintings: An Overview

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• Originated in the 16th century during the Chola dynasty, Tanjore Paintings are a quintessential part of Indian Art.
• The Rajus communities of Tanjore and the Naidus of Madurai were known to support and promote Tanjore Painting from the 16th to the 18th century.
• These paintings are a classic representation of South Indian painting styles.
• Native to the city of Tanjore in Tamil Nadu, they are locally referred to as ‘Palagai Padam’ as they are majorly done on solid wood planks.
• The primary themes of Tanjore paintings revolve around Hindu Gods, Goddesses, and saints.
• Characterized by solid composition, surface richness, and vibrant colours, these paintings are truly a visual treat.
• Artists often use embellishments like semi-precious stones, pearls, and glass pieces to enhance the beauty of these paintings. The relief work lends them a three-dimensional effect.
• The main character is always portrayed in the center of the painting.
• The process of creating a Tanjore painting involves several steps, starting with the drawing of a preliminary sketch on the base.
• The base is typically made of cloth and is pasted over a wooden base. The painting uses a mixture of chalk powder or zinc oxide with a water-soluble adhesive to spread on the base.
• After the picture is drawn, it is decorated with diamond, lace, thread, cut glass, pearls, and even semi-precious stones.
• Thanjavur painting has been recognized as a Geographical indication by the Government of India in 2007-08.

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