The Plight of Refugees in the North-Western and Western Region

A significant number of these refugees were farmers seeking land for cultivation. Some were allotted lands abandoned by Muslims who migrated to Pakistan. This practice was predominantly observed in the northern parts of India, particularly Delhi.

However, the challenges faced by refugees in the western region were more severe. The Sindhi refugees found it difficult to assimilate into the prevalent Marathi and Gujarati cultures. Additionally, as traders, they did not receive land allotments. Over time, they regained their societal status through their adept trading skills.

The Eastern Region Refugee Scenario

The refugees in the eastern region were mostly from East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). Their issues were unique and complex.

A one-sided migration from East Pakistan to India led to settlement problems. The lack of major cities, apart from Kolkata and Asansol, coupled with the absence of education and skills, and limited government support, forced the refugees to live in harsh conditions.

This situation led to the ‘ impoverishment of West Bengal ’. Although initially viewed as a burden by the locals, the refugees gradually integrated into the mainstream society, reducing hostilities.

The insights provided in this article will be useful for candidates preparing for UPSC 2023 .

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